Amino acids in sandal (Santalum album L) with special reference to cis-4-hydroxy-l-proline and sym. homospermidine
نویسندگان
چکیده
Sandal (Santalum album L) contains several interesting amino acids and amines which are not seen in other plants. This includes cis-4-hydroxy-l-proline in free form in leaves, flowers and seeds while trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline in bound form. Traces of 3, 4 dehydroproline is also detected in sandal leaves. Biosynthesis of cis-4-hydroxy proline indicates that hydroxylation taken place at proline present in peptidyl form especially bound to glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Pyrrolizidine-2-carboxylic acid an interesting isatin positive heterocyclic compound is also present in sandal leaves. Sandal also contains sym. homospermidine which is not present in any other plants till today. Biosynthesis of sym. homospermidine goes by a unique pathway of putrescine oxidation, Schiff base formation, condensation and reduction. Moreover sandal leaves contain γ-glutamyl derivative of the lachrymatory precursor of onion, γ-glutamyl-S-propenyl cysteine superoxide. This review summarizes the studies on the amino acids in sandal.
منابع مشابه
Studies on bound trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in sandal (Santalum album L.).
1. trans-4-Hydroxy-l-proline was found to occur in the bound state in the leaves of sandal (Santalum album L.), in which large amounts of free cis-4-hydroxy-l-proline are also present. 2. Bound trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline was present, associated mainly with a ;wall' fraction and a ;soluble' fraction roughly in equal proportions. 3. Bound proline is present only in small amounts in the ;soluble' f...
متن کاملThe biosynthesis of cis-4-hydroxy-L-proline in sandal (Santalum album L.).
Two isomers of hydroxyproline are present in sandal leaves (Santalum album L.), cis-4-hydroxy-Lproline in the free state (Radhakrishnan & Giri, 1954) and bound trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, which forms a minor proportion (4%) of total hydroxyproline (Kuttan & Radhakrishnan, 1969). Bound trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in plants (Lamport, 1965) is presumably synthesized by a mechanism similar to that in ...
متن کاملsym-Homospermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine.
1,9-Diamino-5-azanonane (1, H2N(CH2)4NH(CH2)4NH2), symmetrical “homospermidine,” previously unreported in nature, has now been discovered in sandal (Santalum album L.), where it comprises 0.5-1.5% of the weight of the dried leaves. The new polyamine is conveniently isolated from an aqueous extract of the leaves by ion-exchange 1^) uring a routine examination of the amino acids from an ethanolic...
متن کاملIsolation and Characterization of a Hydroxyproline-Containing Protein from Soluble Extracts of the Leaves of Sandal (Santalum
1. A hydroxyproline-containing protein was isolated from the soluble fraction of sandal leaves (Santalum album L.) and the purified protein was homogeneous by disc electrophoresis. 2. It is a glycoprotein containing 16% carbohydrate, the components of which were mainly arabinose, with only small amounts (about 5 Y.) of galactose. The principal amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glyc...
متن کاملEpimerization of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline to cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline during acid hydrolysis of collagen.
1. trans-4-Hydroxy-r,-proline is epimerized to &+hydroxy-n-proline under the conditions generally used for the hydrolysis of proteins for analyses of amino acids. 2. The cis epimer elutes from a column of UR-30 resin on a Beckman amino acid analyzer at the same time as threonine and hence would be undetected. 3. About 8% of the trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in collagen can be epimerized to c&4-hydr...
متن کامل